ABSTRACT
Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate changes in prescribing pattern of Dentistry students throughout academic course. Methods: A case of non-complicated dental extraction was presented to all students that had completed their pharmacology coursework (from 4th semester to the last semester). The students were grouped according to year of study and were asked to prescribe paracetamol for pain control. A maximal score of 5 points was calculated from three subscores for identification of professional and patient (1.0 point), drug concentration, dosage, and quantity (1.5 points); and drug information, instructions, and warnings (2.5 points). The data were expressed as medians [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] and were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test. A p<0.05 value was considered statistically significant. A total of 92 students participated the study (2nd year, N=12; 3rd year, N=32; 4th year, N=28; 5th year, N=20). Results: The quality of prescription showed improvement between 2nd-year students [2.0 (1.5-2.5)] and 4th-year students [3.2 (2.9-3.5), p<0.05]; 4th- and 5th-year students [3.6 (3.5-3.8)] performed similarly. Lack of information about pharmacological treatment, side effects, and administration route were the major deficiencies observed. Conclusion: Although Dentistry students present a general improvement in their prescribing performance, deficiencies remain even in advanced students. The data suggest that the teaching of good prescription practices should extend throughout the later phases of preprofessional dental education. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Young Adult , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Education, Dental/standards , Students, Dental , Acetaminophen/administration & dosage , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/administration & dosage , Brazil , Clinical Competence , Quality Control , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Idosos compõem o grupo etário mais medicalizado na sociedade, o que pode levar ao uso irracional de fármacos. Este trabalho descreve estudo transversal que avaliou a automedicação de idosas atendidas no ambulatório de Atenção ao Idoso do Hospital da Universidade Católica de Brasília. As variáveis socioeconômicas analisadas consistiram na faixa etária, escolaridade e renda familiar mensal. As classes medicamentosas envolvidas em automedicação foram analisadas conforme prevalência, adequação à faixa etária e possíveis interações medicamentosas. Das 218 pacientes entrevistadas, 26 por cento relataram praticar automedicação. Parcela (40 por cento) desses medicamentos era de venda sob prescrição. Medicamentos antiinflamatórios, analgésicos e antipiréticos foram os mais usados sem orientação profissional, seguido pelos fitoterápicos/medicamentos naturais e cardiovasculares. Entre as pacientes automedicadas, 65 por cento apresentaram baixa escolaridade, enquanto 32 por cento apresentaram renda menor ou igual a um salário mínimo. O consumo por automedicação não se mostrou variar conforme a condição socioeconômica. Foram observadas interações medicamentosas potencialmente severas e uso impróprio envolvendo os eventos de automedicação.
The elderly consume more medications than other age groups, being susceptible to irrational use of therapeutic drugs. This work describes a cross-sectional study that evaluated self-medication practiced by elderly women, who were assisted at the Elderly Care Facility of the hospital of the Catholic University of Brasilia. The socio-economical variables analyzed were age group, educational level and monthly family income. The pharmaceuticals were evaluated according to prevalence, suitability for the age group and possible drug interactions. Among the 218 patients interviewed, 26 percent declared self-medication practices, part of them (40 percent) were prescription drugs. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic drugs were the most frequently consumed without professional orientation, followed by phytotherapeutic/natural and cardiovascular agents. Among the self-medicated patients 65 percent had incomplete or no formal basic education whereas 32 percent had earnings equal to or inferior to one minimum wage. The mean consumption of drugs by self-medication was not influenced by socio-economical variables. The practice of self-medication involves potentially harmful drug interactions and use of agents inappropriate for the age group.